Networks
Wayne, Randy O
Cornell Faculty Member
Positions
- Associate Professor, Plant Biology (BIOPL), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences (CALS)
I am a scientist and a teacher: an amateur, in that I do what I love and a dilettante in that I do what I find delight in. I am less of a professional in that a professional may be assessed more by his/her short term career accomplishments than by the long term results that come from his/her calling. My research has focused on questioning the assumptions underlying the current quantum electrodynamic theories and orthodox interpretation of the photon. As a teacher, I have tried to pass on a deep and broad knowledge of biology, a love for biology and an ability to critically and ethically think about biological research and its consequences.
Research Areas
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Affiliations
Research
research overview
- Stanislaw Ulam said, “Ask not what physics can do for biology, ask what biology can do for physics.” Biophysics is populated by people who have moved from physics into biology. However, historically, biologists and physicians, including Thomas Young, Hermann von Helmholtz, Robert Brown, Robert Meyer and Adolf Fick have had a profound influence on physics and there is still room for a trained cell biologist to make an impact. This is because cells live in the world of neglected dimensions between the world of macroscopic physics and the world of microscopic physics. Studying physico-chemical processes in such a world has its advantages and its disadvantages. One disadvantage of working in this world of neglected dimensions is that it is not easy to assume that a given subset of physical laws can be neglected in order to model biological processes and solve the equations easily. On the other hand, one advantage of working in the world of neglected dimensions is that a cell biologist has the opportunity to look for fundamental laws that are applicable to microscopic systems as well as macroscopic systems and thus help to unify macrophysics and microphysics. Such laws could provide a parsimonious toolbox for modeling and solving a wide range of physico-chemical problems. Although cells and the particles within them do not travel anywhere near the speed of light, as a cell biologist, I have gained a perspective to suggest why charged particles do not travel faster than the speed of light. I have been working on a thought-provoking and testable hypothesis as an alternative to the theory of special relativity.
research activities
area(s) of concentration/expertise
keywords
- Biophysics
- Special Relativity
submitted impact statement
Publications
individual publications
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academic article
- A Fundamental, Relativistic, and Irreversible Law of Motion: A Unification of Newton's Second Law of Motion and the Second Law of Thermodynamics.. African Review of Physics. 7:115-134. 2012
- Rethinking the Concept of Space-Time in the General Theory of Relativity: The Deflection of Starlight and the Gravitational Red Shift.. African Review of Physics. 7:183-201. 2012
- Symmetry and the Order of Events in Time. A Proposed Identity of Negative Mass with Antimatter.. Turkish Journal of Physics. 36:165-177. 2012
- Symmetry and the Order of Events in Time. The Asymmetrical Order of Events in Time in a Reversible Energy Converter.. Turkish Journal of Physics. 36:155-163. 2012
- Symmetry and the Order of Events in Time. The Description of a Reversible Thermal Energy Converter Composed of Negative Mass.. Turkish Journal of Physics. 2012
- Button Botany: Plasmodesmata in Vegetable Ivory. Protoplasma. 249:721-724. 2011
- Rethinking the Foundations of the Theory of Special Relativity: Stellar Aberration and the Fizeau experiment. African Physical Review. 5:7-40. 2011
- A. Carl Leopold--A Very Nice Man. American Society of Plant Biologists Newsletter. 37:25-26. 2010
- Charged Particles are Prevented from Going Faster than the Speed of Light by Light Itself: A Biophysical Cell Biologist’s Contribution to Physics. Acta Physica Polonica B. 41:1001-1027. 2010
- Giving the Amoebae Equal Time. Review of The Social Amoebae: The Biology of Cellular Slime Molds by John T. Bonner. BioScience. 60:156-157. 2010
- Remembering Carl Leopold. . The Leopold Outlook. 30-31. 2010
- The Relativity of Simultaneity: An Analysis Based on the Properties of Electromagnetic Waves. African Physical Review. 4:43-55. 2010
- Model Scientists. Communicative & Integrative Biology. 1:97-103. 2008
- A novel calcium-activated protease in Chara corallina. European Journal of Phycology. 39:57-66. 2004
- Purification and characterization of sorbitol-6-phosphate phosphatase from apple leaves. Plant Science. 165:227-232. 2003
- Action potentials in a giant algal cell: A comparative approach to mechanisms and evolution of excitability. Journal of Undergraduate Neuroscience Education. 1. 2002
- Ultra-rapid endocytotic uptake of large molecules in Dunaliella species. Protoplasma. 205:73-86. 1999
- Connecting undergraduate plant cell biology students with the scientists about whom they learn: A bibliography. American Biology Teacher. 60:510-516. 1998
- Cytochalasin D does not inhibit gravitropism in roots. American Journal of Botany. 84:1530-1535. 1997
- The effect of the external medium on gravitropic curvature of rice (Oryza sativa, Poaceae) roots. American Journal of Botany. 84:1522-1529. 1997
- The effect of the external medium on the gravity-induced polarity of cytoplasmic streaming in Chara corallina (Characeae). American Journal of Botany. 84:1516-1521. 1997
- A down to Earth Model of Gravisensing or Newton’s Law of Gravitation from the Apple’s Perspective. Physiol Plant. 98:917-921. 1996
- The August Krogh Principle applies to plants. BioScience. 46:365-369. 1996
- Detection of gravity-induced polarity of cytoplasmic streaming in Chara. Protoplasma. 188:38-48. 1995
- Temperature effects on Gravisensing, E-C coupling, and Ca-2+ influx into single internodal cells of Chara. Plant Physiology. 105:146. 1994
- The excitability of plant cells: With a special emphasis on characean internodal cells. Botanical Rev. 60:265-367. 1994
- The relationship between carbon and water transport in single internodal cells of Chara corallina. Protoplasma. 180:118-135. 1994
- Dimensions, density, and settling velocity of entomophthoralean conidia: Implications for aerial dissemination of spores. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 63:43-55. 1993
- The excitability of plant cells. American Scientist. 81:140-151. 1993
- The touch-induced action potential in Chara: Inquiry into the ionic basis and the mechanoreceptor. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology. 20:471-488. 1993
- Hydrostatic pressure mimics gravitational pressure in characean cells. Protoplasma. 168:141-152. 1992
- The contribution of the extracellular matrix to gravisensing in characean cells. Journal of Cell Science. 101:611-623. 1992
- What remains of the Cholodny Went Theory?. Plant, Cell and Environment. 15:791-792. 1992
- Calcium regulates differentiation of the insect fungus Zoophthora radicans. Protoplasma. 160:77-88. 1991
- Photomovement in Dunaliella: Fluence rate-response curves and action spectra. Planta. 184:515-524. 1991
- The density of the cell sap and endoplasm of Nitellopsis and Chara. Plant and Cell Physiology. 32:1137-1144. 1991
- The effect of gravity on cytoplasmic streaming in characean cells. Biological Bulletin. 181:508. 1991
- Evidence for extraterrestrial life. JIR. 35:7. 1990
- Gravity-dependent polarity of cytoplasmic streaming in Nitellopsis. Protoplasma. 155:43-57. 1990
- The nature of the water channels in the internodal cells of Nitellopsis. J. Membrane Biol. 116:31-39. 1990
- Calcium requirement of phytochrome-mediated fern-spore germination: No direct phytochrome-calcium interaction in the phytochrome-initiated transduction chain. Planta. 178:25-30. 1989
- Early quantitative method for measuring germination in non-green spores of Dryopteris paleacea using an epifluorescence-microscope technique. Physiol. Plant. 73:505-511. 1988
- Possible involvement of protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation in the modulation of Ca2+ channels in tonoplast-free cells of Nitellopsis. J. Membrane Biol. 102:255-264. 1988
- Intracellular pH does not change during phytochrome-mediated spore germination in Onoclea. Developmental Biology. 113:97-103. 1986
- Phosphorylation-dephosphorylation is involved in Ca2+ controlled cytoplasmic streaming of Characean cells. Protoplasma. 136:161-169. 1986
- Role of calcium ions in phytochrome responses: an update. Physiologia Plantarum. 66:344-348. 1986
- Calcium and plant cell development. Annual Review of Plant Biology. 36:397-439. 1985
- Red light stimulates an increase in intracellular calcium in the spores of Onoclea sensibilis. Plant Physiology. 77:8-11. 1985
- The atomic composition of Onoclea sensibilis spores. American Fern Journal. 75:12-18. 1985
- The role of calcium ions in phytochrome-mediated germination of spores of Onoclea sensibilis L. Planta. 160:16-20. 1984
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article
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book
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booksection
- Plant movements 1993
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chapter
- Plant Cell. McGraw Hill Encyclopedia of Science & Technology. 2012
- Plant Protoplasts. McGraw Hill Encyclopedia of Science & Technology. 2012
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conference paper
- Inhibitors of gravisensing and e-c coupling differentially reduce strontium calcium influx across the plasma membrane of chara internodal cells. Joint Annual Meeting of the American Society of Plant Physiologists and Canadian Society of Plant Physiologists. 14. 1993
- Calcium, cytoplasmic streaming, and gravity. Calcium in Plant Growth and Development: Proceedings, 13th Annual Riverside Symposium in Plant Physiology, January 11-13, 1990, Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside. 86-92. 1990
- Characteristics of hydraulic conductivity of the plasmalemma in characean cells. Plant Water Relations and Growth under Stress. Proc. Yamada Conference XXII. Osaka, Japan. 237-244. 1989
- Intracellular photoreceptive site for the step-up photophobic response in a green alga, Dunaliella salina. Molecular Physiology of Retinal Proteins. Proc. Yamada Conference XXI. 369-370. 1989
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document part
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review
- "Origin of Land Plants" by Linda Graham. 339-340. 1994
- Taking the mechanics out of space-time and putting it back into quantum mechanics. 2012
- A Down to Earth Model of Gravisensing 1997
featured in archived article
Teaching
teaching overview
- Biological Principles. Biology is often defined as the study of life without any mention of the meaning and value of life. I teach biology in the context of know it helps the students to know themselves and live a meaningful and valuable life. In this class, the students learn how their body works and the biological basis for their individuality; the creative process of discovery and how we know what we know; and the relationship between biology and society so that they can make wise and informed decisions about biological issues. Light and Video Microscopy. When one looks at a specimen with a light microscope, how does one know what is real and what is an illusion created by the apparatus itself? My course, as well as the companion book published by Elsevier/Academic Press, takes the student/reader step-by-step through philosophy, psychology, and particularly geometrical and physical optics so that the student/reader can interpret images formed by light microscopes. The student/reader can then use this knowledge to set up light microscopes that allow one to visualize transparent specimens and, in th eprocess, quantitatively determine various physico-chemical properties of the specimen. One comes away from this course/book empowered to use past, present, and future microscopical techniques to visualize the microscopic world and find the real nature of life in the image. Plant Cell Biology. The cell is the basic unit of life because it is the lowest level of organization that is capable of taking up nutrients and synthesizing them into macromolecules at ambient temperatures and pressure, generating electricity, moving as a result of self-generated forces, transforming one form of energy into another, responding appropriately to the environment and reproducing with near-perfect fidelity. I teach my students how the various organelles in the cell make these processes, which are necessary for and operationally define life, possible. The students learn the purpose of each organelle, the processes in which they participate that make life possible and the particulars of that organelle that may illuminate other aspects of biology, physics, chemistry and/or the history and philosophy of science The companion book is Plant Cell Biology: From Astronomy to Zoology
teaching activities
- BIOPL-7490: Graduate Research in Botany - Spring 2013
- BIOPL-4500: Light and Video Microscopy for Biologists - Fall 2012
- BIOPL-7490: Graduate Research in Botany - Fall 2012
- BIOPL-7490: Graduate Research in Botany - Spring 2012
- BIOPL-4440: Plant Cell Biology - Fall 2011
- BIOPL-7490: Graduate Research in Botany - Fall 2011
Service
service to the profession
Background
education and training
- Ph.D. in, University of Massachusetts 1985
- M.S. in, University of California, LA 1979
- University of Massachusetts 1977
Other
college
- CALS
research keyword
- Biophysics
- Special Relativity