• sociology of scientific knowledge
• fringe sciences
• applications of social science
• theories of technology and technological testing
• interactional sociology
• history of musical instruments, particularly the synthesizer

• Ph.D. University of Bath

ARTICLES

• "Should One Applaud? Breaches and Boundaries in the Reception of New Technology in Music," Technology and Culture, July 2003 (with Karin Bijsterveld).
• "Managing Prospect Affiliation and Rapport in Real-life Sales Encounters," Discourse Studies, 5, 5-31, 2003 (with Colin Clark and Paul Drew).
• "Recontextualizing Sales Resistance: A response to Hunt and Bashaw," Industrial Marketing Management, 30 (8), 2001, 637-643 (with Colin Clark).
• "The Golem: Uncertainty and Communicating Science," Science and Engineering Ethics, 6, 2000, 511-23.
• "Social Construction and Neoinstitutional Theory: Response to Bowring," Journal of Management Inquiry, 9, 2000, 271-3 (with Christine Leuenberger).
• "The Social Construction of the Electronic Music Synthesizer," ICON Journal of the International Committee for the History of Technology, Volume 4, 1998, 9-31 (with Frank Trocco). Reprinted in Hans-Joachim Braun (ed.) 'I Sing the Body Electric': Music and Technology in the 20th Century, Berlin: Wolke, 2000, 67-83.
• "Bringing It All Back Home: Some implications of recent science and technology studies for the classroom science teacher," Research in Science Education, 28, 1998, 9-21 (with Shelley Costa and Thomas Hughes).
• "Theoretical Approaches to Science, Technology and Social Change: Recent developments," Southeast Asian Journal of Social Science, 26, 1998, 7-16.
• "Users as Agents of Technological Change: The social construction of the automobile in the rural United States," Technology and Culture, 37, 1996, 763-795 (with Ronald Kline). Reprinted in part in D. MacKenzie and J. Wajcman (eds.) The Social Shaping of Technology, 2nd edition, Buckingham and Philadelphia: Open University Press, 1999, 113-116. Reprinted, in part, in Major Problems in the History of American Technology: Documents and Essays, Merritt Roe Smith and Gregory Clancy (eds.), Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998, 337-45.
• "Inside Knowledge: Second order measures of skill," Sociological Review, 44, 1996, 163-86 (with Harry Collins and Larry Carbone).
• "The Interactional Study of Exchange Relationships: An analysis of patter merchants at work on street markets," History of Political Economy, 26, Annual Supplement on Higgling, ed, Neil de Marchi and Mary S. Morgan, Duke University Press, 1994, 370-400 (with Colin Clark).
• "La retorica y la controversia sobre la fusion fria: del Woodstock quimico al altamont fisico," Politica y Sociedad (Madrid), 14-15, 1993-4, 155-170.
• "Managing Customer "Objections" During Real-Life Sales Negotiations," Discourse and Society, 5, 1994, 437-62 (with C. Clark and P. Drew).
• "Cold Fusion and the Sociology of Scientific Knowledge," Technical Communication Quarterly, 3, 1994, 85-100. Reprinted in John T. Battalio (ed.) Essays in the Study of Scientific Discourse: Methods, Practice and Pedagogy, 73-89, London and Stamford: Ablex.
• "Turn, Turn and Turn Again: The Woolgar formula," Science, Technology & Human Values, 18, 1993, 511-22.
• "Laughter and the Profit Motive: The use of humor in a photographic shop," Humor, 6, 1993, 163-193 (with M. Mulkay and C. Clark).
• "Testing, One, Two, Three-Testing: Towards a sociology of testing," Science, Technology & Human Values, 18, 1993, 25-41.
• "The Anatomy of a Deception: Fraud and finesse in the Mock Auction sales 'con'," Qualitative Sociology, 15, 1992, 151-175 (with C. Clark).
• "Opening Black Boxes: Science, Technology and Society," Social Studies of Science, 22, 1992, 487-510.
• "The Role of Scientific Communities in the Development of Science. A Historical and Sociological Perspective: various approaches in the social study of science," Impact of Science on Society, No. 159, 1991, 219-225.
• "The Culture of Scientists and Disciplinary Rhetoric," European Journal of Education, 25, No. 3, 1990, 295-304.
• "Definitional Work in Applied Social Science: Collaborative analysis in health economics and sociology of science," Knowledge and Society: Studies in the Sociology of Science Past and Present, 8, 1989, 27-55 (with M. Ashmore, M. Mulkay and HESG).
• "Clinical Budgeting: Experimentation in the social sciences," Accounting, Organizations and Society, 14, No. 3, 1989, 271-301 (with M. Mulkay and M. Ashmore).
• "The Rationalised Choice: An examination of an option appraisal," The Society for the Social History of Medicine Bulletin, 1987, 92-96 (with M. Ashmore and M. Mulkay).
• "Measuring the Quality of Life: A sociological invention concerning the application of economics to health care," Sociology, 21, 1987, 541-64 (with M. Mulkay and M. Ashmore).
• "Colonizing the Mind: Dilemmas in the application of social science," Social Studies of Science, 17, 1987, 231-56 (with M. Mulkay and M. Ashmore).
• "Science, Relativism and the New Sociology of Technology: Reply to Russell," Social Studies of Science, 16, 1986, 347-60 (with W. Bijker).
• "The Hard Sell: "Patter Merchanting" and the strategic (re)production and local management of economic reasoning in the sales routines of market pitchers," Sociology, 20, 1986, 169-191 (with C. Clark).
• "Theory Testing in Science: The case of solar neutrinos," Philosophy of the Social Sciences, 15, 1985, 167-87.
• "Towards an Analysis of Scientific Observation: The externality and evidential significance of observation reports in physics," Social Studies of Science, 15, 1985, 167-87.
• "Private Science and Public Knowledge: The committee for the scientific investigation of the claims of the paranormal and its use of the literature," Social Studies of Science, 14, 1984, 521-46 (with H.M. Collins).
• "The Social Construction of Facts and Artifacts: Or how the sociology of science and the sociology of technology might benefit each other," Social Studies of Science, 14, 1984, 339-441 (with W. Bijker). Reprinted in W. Bijker, T. Hughes and T. Pinch (eds.) The Social Construction of Technological Systems, Cambridge, Ma: MIT Press, 1987. Translated into Serbo-Croat and published in Gledista, 25, 21-57, 1984.
• "Kuhn - The Conservative and the Radical Interpretations," 4S Newsletter, 7, No.1, 1982, 10-25. Reprinted as an "Historic Paper," Social Studies of Science, 27, 1997, 465-82.
• "The Sun-Set: On the presentation of certainty in scientific life," Social Studies of Science, 11, 1981, 131-58.
• "Normal Explanations of the Paranormal: The demarcation problem and fraud in parapsychology," Social Studies of Science, 9, 1979, 329-48.

CHAPTERS IN BOOKS

• "Giving Birth to New Users: How the Minimoog Was Sold to Rock & Roll" in Nelly Oudshoorn and Trevor Pinch (eds.) How Users Matter: The Co-Construction of Users and Technology, Cambridge, MA : MIT Press, 2003, 247-70.
• "Emulating Sound. What Synthesizers Can and Can't do: Explorations in the Social Construction of Sound", in Claus Zittel (ed) Wissen und soziale Konstruktion, Berlin: Aademie Vedrlag, 2003, 109-27.
• "Sounds Real: Response to Howard Sankey's 'Scientific Realism an Elaboration and Defense'," in Science, Society and Reality: On Narratives, Social Constructions, and Knowledge of the World. Johannes Roggenhofer (ed.) Berlin: Springer (in press).
• "Does Science Studies Undermine Science? Wittgenstein, Turing and Polanyi as precursors for Science Studies and the Science Wars", "It's a Conversation!" and "Peace for Whom on Whose Terms?" in Jay A. Labinger and Harry Collins (eds.) The One Culture? A Conversation about Science, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2001, 13-26, 221-226, 280-282.
• "Why You Go to a Piano Store to Buy a Synthesizer: Path Dependence and the Social Construction of Technology," in R. Garud and P. Karnoe (eds.) Path Dependence and Creation, New Jersey: LEA Press, 2001, 381-400.
• "Cost Benefit Analysis in Practice," in Okonomie Und Gesellschaft Yearbook 16, "Facts and Figures: Economic Representations and Practices" (H. Kalthoff, R. Rottenburg and H.J. Wagener (eds), 2000, 60-87 (with M. Ashmore and M. Mulkay).
• "Solar Neutrino Detection Instruments," in R. Bud and D. Warner (eds.) Instruments of Science: An Historical Encyclopedia, New York and London: Garland, 1997, 538-40.
• "La Construccion social de la technologia: Una revision," in Maria Josefa Santos and Rodrigo Diaz Cruz (eds.), Innovacion Technologica Y Procesos Culturales: Nuevas Perspectivas Teoricas,
• "Cutting Up Skills: Estimating difficulty as an element of surgical and other abilities," in S.R. Barley and J.E. Orr (eds.) Between Craft and Science: Technical Work in U.S. Settings, Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1997, 101-112 (with H.M. Collins and Larry Carbone).
• "The Germs of Dissent: Louis Pasteur and the origins of life," in Hutton, J. and Plouffe, P.B. Science and Its Ways of Knowing, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1997, 37-45 (with Harry Collins). Reprinted from The Golem.
• "Social Construction of Technology: A review," in R. Fox (ed.) Technological Change: Methods and Themes in the History of Technology, Amsterdam: Harwood, 1996, 17-36.
• "Rhetoric and the Cold Fusion Controversy," in H. Krips, J.E. McGuire and T. Melia (eds.) Science, Reason, and Rhetoric, Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1996, 153-176.
• "Technology, Testing, Text: Clinical budgeting in the U.K. National Health Service," in Wiebe Bijker and John Law (eds.) Shaping Technology/Building Society, Cambridge, Ma: MIT Press, 1992, 265-289 (with M. Ashmore and M. Mulkay).
• "Dependency and Despair: Health economics and the health care system," in Hutton et al. (eds) Dependency to Enterprise, London and New York: Routledge, 1991, 207-18 (with M. Mulkay and M. Ashmore).
• "How Do We Treat Technical Uncertainty in Systems Failure? The case of the space shuttle Challenger," in Todd La Porte (ed.) Responding to Large Technical Systems: Control or Anticipation, Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1991, 137-52.
• "The Sociology of the Scientific Community," in G. Cantor et al. Companion to the History of Modern Science, London: Routledge, 1990, 87-99.
• "The Externalization of Observation: An example from modern physics," in I. Hronszky et al. (eds.) Scientific Knowledge Socialized Budapest: Akadémia Kiado, 1988, 225-244.
• "Micro-sociology and Micro-economics: Selling by social control," in N. Fielding (ed.) Structures and Actions, Beverly Hills and London: Sage, 1988, 119-141 (with C. Clark).
• "Understanding Technology: Some possible implications of work in the sociology of science," in B. Elliott (ed.) Technology and Social Process, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1988, 70-83.
• "Reservations about Reflexivity and New Literary Forms: Or why let the devil have all the good tunes?" in S. Woolgar (ed.) Knowledge and Reflexivity, Beverly Hills and London: Sage, 1988, 178-97.
• "Observer la Nature ou Observer les Instruments," in Bruno Latour (ed.) Les "Vues" De L'Espirit, Culture Technique, No. 14, June 1985, 88-107.
• "Rationalitat und Paradigmabildung in der Ausserordentlichen Wissenschaft," in Hans Peter Duerr (ed.) Der Wissenschaftler und das Irrationale, Frankfurt: Syndikat, 1981, 284-306 (with H.M. Collins).
• "Theoreticians and the Production of Experimental Anomaly: The case of solar neutrinos," in K. Knorr, R. Krohn and R. Whitley (eds.) The Social Process of Scientific Investigation, Sociology of Sciences, Vol. 4, Dordrecht: Reidel, 1980, 77-106. Translated into French and published in B. Latour (ed.) La Science Telle Qu' Elle Se Fait, Paris: Pandore, 1982 and Decourverte, 1990.
• "Is Anti-science Not-science? The Case of Parapsychology," in H. Nowotny and H. Rose (eds.) Counter Movements in the Sciences, Sociology of the Sciences, Vol. 3, Dordrecht: Reidel, 1979, 221-50 (with H.M. Collins).
• "The Construction of the Paranormal: Nothing unscientific is happening," Sociological Review Monographs, No. 27, Roy Wallis (ed.) On the Margins of Science: The Social Construction of Rejected Knowledge, Keele: University of Keele, 1979, 237-70 (with H.M. Collins). Japanese edition, 1986. Reprinted in H.M. Collins (ed.) Sociology of Scientific Knowledge: A Source Book, Bath: Bath University Press, 1982. Translated into French and published in B. Latour (ed.) La Science Telle Qu' Elle Se Fait, Paris: Pandore, 1982.
• "What Does a Proof do if it Does Not Prove? A study of the social conditions and metaphysical divisions leading to David Bohm and John von Neumann failing to communicate in quantum mechanics," in E. Mendelsohn, P. Weingart, and R.D. Whitley (eds.) The Social Production of Scientific Knowledge, Sociology of the Sciences, Vol. 1, Dordrecht: Reidel, 1977, 171-215